EU commissioner Thierry Breton warned Elon Musk that X “is being used to disseminate illegal content and disinformation in the EU” following Hamas attacks in Israel.

Writing on X, Breton also reminded Musk that the Digital Services Act (DSA), which went into effect in August, “sets very precise obligations regarding content moderation.”

The EU Commissioner, in an urgent letter to Elon Musk about his social media platform X over its lack of content moderation, urging Musk to enforce “proportionate and effective mitigation measures to tackle the risks to public security and civic discourse stemming from disinformation”—or face penalties set out in the DSA. Breton also asked Musk to respond to his request in the next 24 hours and noted that Musk’s answer would be included in his DSA compliance assessment.

Breton added that the media and other organizations “widely report” misleading imagery and facts from X, listing examples like old pictures from previous armed conflicts and video game footage.

EU regulators chastised Musk in late September over disinformation on the platform, with European commissioner Věra Jourová saying then that the platform has the “largest ratio of mis/disinformation” even compared to Facebook. Though Musk’s platform had departed the voluntary EU Code of Practice on Disinformation, the DSA requires X and other “Very Large Online Platforms” to comply with similar guidelines to those laid out in the code.